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What is a tech stack?

A tech stack is a set of technologies that are used to build and run a software application. It includes the programming languages, frameworks, databases, servers, and other tools that are used to develop and deploy the application.

The exact components of a tech stack will vary depending on the specific application, but there are some common components that are found in most tech stacks. These include:

Frontend technologies: These are the technologies that are used to create the user interface of the application. They include HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
Backend technologies: These are the technologies that are used to process the data and logic of the application. They include programming languages like Python, Java, and C++.
Databases: These are used to store the data of the application. They can be relational databases like MySQL or PostgreSQL, or non-relational databases like MongoDB or Cassandra.
Servers: These are the computers that run the application. They can be physical servers, virtual servers, or cloud servers.
Other tools: There are many other tools that can be used in a tech stack, such as version control systems, continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) tools, and monitoring tools.

View tech stacks

Every technology below is extracted from live job descriptions — not self-reported marketing. Click one to see which companies are hiring for it right now, what it pairs with, and the roles that ask for it.

Frameworks & Libraries

Node.js ×3544 React ×1406 Spring ×826 Metal ×817 Spring Framework ×783 GraphQL ×704 Rails ×598 Next.js ×531 Redux ×487 gRPC ×458 pandas ×452 Electron ×440 CMS ×439 Angular ×437 Relay ×428 Django ×373 Vue.js ×354 Apollo GraphQL ×338 SwiftUI ×298 FastAPI ×276 Spring Boot ×267 NumPy ×239 Single-Page Application ×177 ROS ×172 Flask ×162 WebSocket ×152 Tailwind CSS ×147 WordPress ×141 Flutter ×118 Bootstrap ×111 Vite ×98 NestJS ×92 ROS 2 ×90 Universal Verification Methodology ×78 ASP.NET ×71 Hibernate ×68 Retrofit ×67 Sass ×59 Prisma ×54 AngularJS ×51 .NET Core ×50 WebGL ×48 Svelte ×48 jQuery ×44 Expo ×38 UIKit ×38 Material UI ×36 Three.js ×33 Express.js ×27 Sidekiq ×25 Ant Design ×25 Rollup ×23 Laravel ×20 shadcn/ui ×18 ethers.js ×16 OkHttp ×13 Grails ×13 JDBC ×10 WebGPU ×10 Twirp ×9 Recoil ×8 web3.js ×7 Drizzle ORM ×7 AVFoundation ×6 Cocoa Touch ×6 Hasura ×3 Hardhat ×2 Zod ×2 Robot Operating System ×2 Backbone.js ×2 PostCSS ×2 Zope ×1 Direct3D 12 ×1 Sinatra AspectJ

Cloud Platforms

Amazon Web Services ×7839 Google Cloud ×5327 Microsoft Azure ×4440 Amazon S3 ×681 Amazon EKS ×499 AWS Lambda ×462 Amazon ECS ×314 Firebase ×300 OpenStack ×99 AWS Fargate ×84 Amazon EventBridge ×57 Amazon Route 53 ×32 Heroku ×27 AWS SDK for Java

DevOps & Infrastructure

Docker/Kubernetes ×5026 Kubernetes ×4892 Docker ×3271 Linux ×3086 Terraform ×2677 GitHub ×1754 Windows ×1661 Vercel ×1629 Git ×1350 GitLab ×934 GitHub Actions ×775 Jenkins ×718 Ansible ×664 Helm ×530 Ubuntu ×500 AWS CloudFormation ×400 Temporal ×344 Chef ×327 Apache Maven ×324 CUDA ×244 Pulumi ×230 CircleCI ×225 Bazel ×205 Embedded Linux ×203 Puppet ×198 AWS Cloud Development Kit ×186 API Gateway ×176 Gradle ×169 Azure DevOps ×137 Webpack ×130 Linux Kernel ×124 Debian ×122 KVM ×90 CMake ×85 Ceph ×84 eBPF ×79 Red Hat OpenShift ×73 Yocto Project ×70 NGINX ×56 Cisco Meraki ×51 QEMU/KVM ×46 Bicep ×38 RDMA ×33 Spinnaker ×32 Packer ×31 cgroups ×31 GDB ×29 LXC ×28 JFrog ×28 Buildroot ×28 Juju ×23 HAProxy ×23 LLVM ×22 Netlify ×20 Open vSwitch ×20 IntelliJ IDEA ×19 U-Boot ×16 APT ×12 Apache Tomcat ×12 DPDK ×12 Vagrant ×11 Network Functions Virtualization ×8 MicroK8s ×4 Skaffold ×4 Lauterbach ×4 GNU Toolchain ×3 GNU Core Utilities ×1

Monitoring & Observability

Datadog ×1311 Grafana ×1098 Prometheus ×817 OpenTelemetry ×323 Elastic Stack ×308 Splunk ×297 Sentry ×224 Kibana ×153 Bugsnag ×6

AI & Machine Learning

PyTorch ×1144 TensorFlow ×668 LangChain ×502 Transformers ×309 Amazon SageMaker ×246 JAX ×209 LlamaIndex ×172 Hugging Face ×133 Triton ×116 TensorRT ×108 Jupyter ×91 ONNX ×64 OpenCV ×60 Keras ×44 Azure Machine Learning ×27 XLA ×23 Caffe ×14 OpenPipe ×3 Gensim ×1

Analytics & BI

Tableau ×1544 Sigma ×1010 Looker ×1002 Google Analytics ×970 Microsoft Excel ×927 Microsoft Power BI ×788 Anaplan ×322 Metabase ×155 Apache Superset ×62 Google Tag Manager ×50 Matplotlib ×46 Segment ×38 FullStory ×26 Hotjar ×13 Google Optimize ×4

Security & Identity

OAuth ×373 EDR ×297 OWASP ×264 OAuth 2.0 ×219 PAM ×191 AppArmor ×18 OpenSSL ×9 CodeQL ×5 Black Duck ×4 GnuTLS ×2

Testing & QA

JUnit ×336 Selenium ×178 Jest ×158 REST Assured ×113 TestRail ×50 Cucumber ×45 Mockito ×25 TestNG ×23 Cypress ×18 Valgrind ×16

Mobile

Android ×2509 iOS ×2214 React Native ×416 Android NDK ×5 Apache Cordova ×4

Design Tools

Figma ×1300 SolidWorks ×595 AutoCAD ×337 Altium Designer ×326 Sketch ×132 Blender ×60 Adobe Illustrator ×35 OrCAD ×26 Cinema 4D ×24 KeyShot ×16 InVision ×16

CRM & Sales Tools

Salesforce ×6404 HubSpot ×1178 Veeva ×878 Zendesk ×672 ZoomInfo ×473 LinkedIn Sales Navigator ×471 Salesloft ×347 Marketo ×287 Braze ×162 Salesforce Marketing Cloud Account Engagement ×39 Veeva CRM ×37 Salesforce Service Cloud ×31 Freshdesk ×27 Customer.io ×26 Salesforce Lightning ×15 Outreach ×3

Payments & Fintech

Collaboration & Productivity

Jira ×2196 Google Workspace ×902 Confluence ×825 Smartsheet ×328 Atlassian ×316 Slack ×224 Asana ×184 LinkedIn ×1 Zoom ×1

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